What should be paid attention to in forklift operation skills
Forklifts are industrial handling vehicles, which refer to various wheeled handling vehicles for loading, unloading, stacking and short-distance transportation of palletized goods. The following forklift operation precautions are for reference!
1. Pre-operation inspection
1.1 Preparation and inspection before leaving the vehicle
1. Understand the use of the industrial forklift at work, and the shift personnel should truthfully explain the working conditions and current status of the vehicle.
2. Check whether the appearance of the vehicle has any bumps, whether the bolts are loose, whether the glass is intact, whether all parts are complete, whether the tire pressure reaches the specified pressure, and whether the tire is damaged.
3. The tire wear standard is based on whether the tire line is exposed by visual inspection. The tire wear of the wheeled trailer should be less than 8 cm. Check whether the forklift mast is loose, if it is loose, tighten it; if the 02 door is deformed, it can be calibrated, whether the paint is peeling off, if it is peeling off, it can be repainted.
4. Check whether the battery terminal post is firm and reliable.
5. Check whether there is any leakage in the oil, water and gas, and focus on checking whether the water tank is lacking antifreeze. Pay attention to the vehicle temperature during the inspection. First, observe the water temperature gauge value. When the temperature exceeds 50 degrees, it is forbidden to open the water tank cap to avoid splashing accidents. The standard for adding antifreeze to the water tank is that the antifreeze level is at the bottom of the water tank cap.
6. Check whether the vehicle's engine oil is leaking or missing. Before the inspection, the forklift must be left still for more than ten minutes to avoid the oil not returning to the tank in time, resulting in inaccurate oil gauge values. When checking the oil dipstick, the cleanliness of the dipstick must be ensured. If the right side is lower than the scale line below the dipstick, the oil must be added in time, and the amount added must not exceed the scale line above the dipstick.
7. Check whether the vehicle's engine belt, fan belt, and generator belt are loose or worn.
8. Check whether the engine is leaking oil and whether there are any abnormalities in the bearings.
9. Check whether all instruments, switches, lights, signals, and wipers are working properly.
10. After all instruments are normal, you should immediately go to the engine and wait for the vehicle to preheat (preheating for no less than five minutes). You must do three things: look, smell, and listen. Look: whether all parts are sprayed with oil. Whether all oil pipes and water pipes are leaking oil or water. Smell: Use your nose to sense whether there are any odors, such as burnt smells. Burnt smells, etc. Listen: Listen for any abnormal noises from the engine. Whether there are any abnormal noises from the fan. If there are any problems, turn off the engine immediately and do further inspection.
11. Check whether the transmission shaft bolts, leaf spring bolts, wheel hub bolts, and wheel bolts are tightened reliably and whether there are any damage or breakage.
12. Check whether all components of the steering and braking systems are flexible, safe, and reliable.
13. Check whether the lifting and lowering of the forklift's front device meets the working standards and whether the leather is intact to start the vehicle.
14. Put the gear lever in the neutral position, pull the handbrake lever up to the bottom, and then turn on the power with the ignition key. The motor can be used up to three times, each time for no more than 3 seconds.
15. Depress the clutch pedal, then continue to turn the key to the "" position to start the engine. Once the engine starts, release the key immediately.
16. During the preheating process of the engine, observe the working conditions of each instrument and indicator light.
17. During preheating, you should slowly add fuel with a small throttle. All indicator lights will light up, but as the oil pressure and air pressure increase, the alarm light will go out.
18. When the oil pressure on the barometer reaches the indicator and the water temperature reaches above 50C, the car is ready to start. The manual valve should be released before starting.
19. After the engine runs smoothly, release the clutch pedal at a uniform speed.
20. After starting, pay attention to check the oil pressure and coolant temperature, and pay attention to whether the instrument meets the standard.
1.2 Forklift inspection
1. After everything is normal, check the lights, horns, reversing alarms, hand brakes, and foot brakes. When checking the brakes, pay attention to stepping on the brakes before the heavy duty forklift for construction is driven (45.32.25 ton forklifts should have exhaust sounds. 16 tons and small wheeled vehicles should step on them forcefully) and then drive the vehicle slowly and then step on the brakes to check the braking distance. The vehicle braking distance should be proportional to the speed and load. The higher the speed. The greater the load, the longer the braking distance. If it exceeds the specified range, the maintenance personnel must be notified.
2. After the brake system is tested, the forklift should be lifted without load. When lifting, pay attention to observe whether the load chain is lifted synchronously, whether there is any damage or disconnection, whether the lubrication is sufficient, whether the lifting and high-pressure oil pipes are synchronized, and whether there is any damage or oil leakage. 25.32.45 ton forklifts should be checked for smooth left and right movement. Check whether the pulley bearings are damaged and whether the lubrication is sufficient.
3. Check the steering system to see if the direction is synchronized with the steering wheel, whether there is deviation, steering failure, steering cylinder leakage, etc.
4. After the inspection, if there is any problem, report it to the equipment guide or team leader immediately. If you don’t understand or are not clear about the problem, ask the handover personnel or team leader in time. After receiving the report, the team leader will notify the superior leader to contact the maintenance personnel if necessary to communicate and repair the equipment in time. It is strictly forbidden to conceal the report. If false reports occur, the driver will stand in front of the right side of the forklift after taking over and wait for work tasks or listen to the arrangements of the team leader.
1.3 Standard operation sequence
A. Start the forklift:
1. Hold the steering wheel handle with your left hand;
2. Pull up the power switch handle with your right hand;
3. Insert the forklift key into the start switch keyhole, gently turn it 45 degrees to the right and start the engine;
4. Hold the forklift front plug control lever with your right hand and press it down, the front plug will tilt up (back);
B. Engine start inspection
1. Check the fuel gauge;
2. Check the water temperature gauge; The water temperature gauge is an important instrument to indicate the operating temperature of the engine. The normal operating temperature of the water outlet is 75-85°C. When the radiator boils or the temperature is seriously low, it means that there is a problem with the cooling system. It should be used after troubleshooting.
3. Check the oil pressure gauge; It is an important instrument to indicate the lubrication working condition of the engine. The normal operating pressure is 0.2Mpa, and the pressure at slow speed is 0.05MPa. When the oil pressure is seriously low or there is no pressure, it is forbidden to use the forklift. Use it after troubleshooting.
4. Check the odometer.